Born on 29th of July, 1924 in Riga, Latvia, he was 18 years old when he joined “HaShomer HaTzair” in his city, and was an active member of the movement before the Soviet occupation. Even after the occupation he continued his Zionist activities. He was arrested by the MGB twice: the first time in 1947 and the second time in 1950. Altogether he spent 8.5 years in prison. After being released in 1956, he still had to wait till 1971 before being allowed to emigrate to Israel. He died in 1992.
