Born in the Czechoslovak Republic in 1923, he joined “Ha shomer Hatsair” in his youth. During the war he posed as a Christian and participated in guerrilla warfare but in 1949 he was arrested and charged with attempting to cross the border and with smuggling weapons during the operation “Aliyah Beth”. He was sentenced to 12 years imprisonment and five years in exile. He was released in 1965 and soon after that left for Israel.
