Born in 1930 in Moscow, he participated in the fight for Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union to Israel from 1953 to 1958. In 1958 he was arrested and charged with Zionist activity in general, with “organizing and teaching Zionism to Jewish youth in Moscow and in establishing and keeping criminal connections with some workers of the Israeli Embassy” in particular. He was sentenced to 5 years in the Gulag, and spent his time in the infamous Dubrovlag. After his release he renewed his struggle for the right to emigrate, and finally, in 1969, succeeded in leaving the USSR for Israel.
