Born in1949 in Riga into a traditional Jewish family, he studied in the Riga Polytechnic University, not succeeding in graduating due to his arrest in June 1970. Tried in the 1st Leningrad trial, he was sentenced to 8 years imprisonment in high security Gulag camps. Released in 1979, he now lives in the USA.
From the book: “Anti-Jewish processes in the Soviet Union (1969−1071)”. The editor and author of the commentary—A. Rozhansky. Vol 2.
